A Federalists Speech essays

A Federalist's Speech papers A Federalist's Speech (I caused this to up really) Huge numbers of us are blowing up; the Constitution isn't intended to abuse us. Starting at now, our states are helpless. Do you genuinely believe that one of our states can keep up their autonomy from the British all alone? Endurance as a regarded country requires the exchange of significant, however restricted, forces to a focal government, and this should be possible without wrecking the character or self-rule of independent states. I resemble you; none of us needs to supplant one harsh government with another brought together, excessive system. Yet, our Articles of Confederation were insecure and scattered, and they took into consideration insignificant envy and rivalry between states. Americans, we should join together; yet I see that we should likewise have a level of influence. This Constitution considers this new sort of equalization, never accomplished somewhere else. In reality, the Federalist Papers themselves demonstrate an equalization or bargain between the national affinities of Mr. Hamilton-who mirrors the business interests of a port city, New York-and the carefulness of Mr. Madison, who shares the doubt of far off power generally held by Virginia ranchers. Instead of the outright power of each state allowed by those Articles, the states will hold a leftover sway in every one of those territories that don't require national concern. The very procedure of sanction of the Constitution represents the idea of federalism as opposed to patriotism. As our companion Mr. Madison puts it: This consent and approval is to be given by the individuals, not as people making one whole country, however as creating the particular and individual States to which they separately have a place... The demonstration subsequently setting up the Constitution won't be a national yet a government demonstration. Under this Constitution, we will have a simultaneousness of forces between the national and state governments, similar to the planets spinning around the sun... <!

High return stocks, low return stocks, and Essay

Exceptional yield stocks, low return stocks, and - Essay Example The littler organizations don't have huge degree of brand power available to them so they need to make trust in the investors by following customary and moral practices in business. They realize that the financial specialists will leave them whenever there's any hint of difficulty so they endeavor to under-guarantee and over-convey. The bigger multinationals have a favorable position with respect to economies of scale (Fry, 1990), and in this manner, their paces of return give off an impression of being essentially appealing than those of littler organizations. The inordinate cash flexibly moves into the profound pockets of the multinationals on the grounds that speculators hope to harvest more significant yields from them without doing statistical surveying of their own. The bigger organizations settled on shrewd speculation choices so as to arrive at their present degree of hierarchical development, and along these lines, it is generally a sure thing to endow them with one’s cash. The organizations pay returns looking like profits, and one can break down the comparing payout proportions to compute their income. The financial specialists must keep their cash with those organizations that are delivering profits consistently with lower level of hazard

Animal Testing Essay -- Science Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Creature Testing More than one million individuals have profited by data accumulated in creature testing and research. Previously, creature testing has been a sensitive subject for individuals to discuss. As of not long ago, researchers didn't treat creatures with the most extreme regard and even utilized such techniques as vivisection, or essentially working on a live creature with no type of sedative, as a methods for testing on creatures. It is clear why individuals would be against creature testing before, however now innovation and new laws have acquired us into another time which creature testing can be considerably more compassionate when it is utilized. There are at present PC programs that fill in as an elective strategy to creature testing. I suggest that creature testing ought to be utilized when an elective strategy isn't accessible and as long as the exacting guidelines, laws, and rules around creature testing are maintained in light of the fact that a huge number of lives have been spar ed on account of creature explore. In today?s age in time, creatures are treated with deference instead of the past, where creatures were inappropriately confined, not given sedatives for some random activity, and even left for dead in the wake of testing on them. Those days are long finished and we have ventured into another age where creatures are given a reasonable spot to live, they are given sedatives when worked on, and a veterinarian is accessible as needs be twenty-four hours every day if there should be an occurrence of a crisis. One organization that utilizes creature tests, Huntingdon, states, ?It is our business to guarantee that these tests are performed to exacting logical measures, give solid outcomes that can be recreated, and with driving norms of creature care and government assistance? (?Creature Welfare?). Huntingdon has an incredible standard in the manner that they complete their examination... ... had never preformed an organ transplant on another living animal on the off chance that he/she was working on me. That is equivalent to sending a military out to fight whose solitary practice was playing a first-individual shooter on a computer game framework. Notwithstanding creature testing, there would have been no protected method to perform a large number of the standard activities did today. On the off chance that we utilize creature testing just when an elective technique isn't accessible and when the laws, guidelines, and rules around creature testing are maintained, we can arrive at new degrees of clinical innovation. Works Cited Huntingdon Life Sciences: Working for a superior future: Animal Welfare. 31 March 2003. <http://www.huntingdon.com/hls/EthicalIssues/AnimalWelfare.html>. Huntingdon Life Sciences: Working for a superior future: Myth. 31 March 2003. <http://www.huntingdon.com/hls/EthicalIssues/MythSecretive.html>. Creature Testing Essay - Science Argumentative Persuasive Essays Creature Testing More than one million individuals have profited by data assembled in creature testing and research. Before, creature testing has been a sensitive subject for individuals to discuss. As of not long ago, researchers didn't treat creatures with the most extreme regard and even utilized such strategies as vivisection, or essentially working on a live creature with no type of sedative, as a methods for testing on creatures. It is evident why individuals would be against creature testing before, yet now innovation and new laws have gotten us into another period which creature testing can be considerably more sympathetic when it is utilized. There are presently PC programs that fill in as an elective strategy to creature testing. I suggest that creature testing ought to be utilized when an elective strategy isn't accessible and as long as the severe guidelines, laws, and rules around creature testing are maintained in light of the fact that a large number of lives have been spared because o f creature look into. In today?s age in time, creatures are treated with deference instead of the past, where creatures were inappropriately confined, not given sedatives for some random activity, and even left for dead in the wake of testing on them. Those days are long finished and we have ventured into another age where creatures are given an appropriate spot to live, they are given sedatives when worked on, and a veterinarian is accessible if the need arises twenty-four hours every day in the event of a crisis. One organization that utilizes creature tests, Huntingdon, states, ?It is our business to guarantee that these tests are performed to severe logical rules, give solid outcomes that can be replicated, and with driving norms of creature care and government assistance? (?Creature Welfare?). Huntingdon has an incredible standard in the manner that they complete their investigation... ... had never preformed an organ transplant on another living animal on the off chance that he/she was working on me. That is equivalent to sending a military out to fight whose solitary practice was playing a first-individual shooter on a computer game framework. Notwithstanding creature testing, there would have been no sheltered method to perform a large number of the standard tasks completed today. In the event that we utilize creature testing just when an elective technique isn't accessible and when the laws, guidelines, and rules around creature testing are maintained, we can arrive at new degrees of clinical innovation. Works Cited Huntingdon Life Sciences: Working for a superior future: Animal Welfare. 31 March 2003. <http://www.huntingdon.com/hls/EthicalIssues/AnimalWelfare.html>. Huntingdon Life Sciences: Working for a superior future: Myth. 31 March 2003. <http://www.huntingdon.com/hls/EthicalIssues/MythSecretive.html>.

Education Essays – Egypt Education System

Egypt Education SystemThe expansion of the free mandatory guidance statute in 1981 was one of the grounds to join the Preparatory Stage, both Primary and Preparatory stages ( Ages 6 through 14 ) together under the name Basic Education, as guidance past this stage relies upon the student ‘s capacity. Egypt works two comparing guidance frameworks: the mainstream framework and the profound, or Al-Azhar framework. The mainstream framework comprises of fundamental guidance which covers the initial 8 eight mature ages of tutoring. The second degree partitions students between three-year general scholarly optional schools and three or five-year professional schools, as there are three unique sorts of auxiliary guidance which are general, capable, and professional Technical guidance. These kinds of guidance are given in three-year and five-year designs, and remember schools for three distinctive Fieldss: mechanical, business and horticultural. The third degree is colleges. The Al-Azhar framework, which keeps up independent establishments for male and female from essential to college degree, selects 4 for every centum of the country’s whole understudies, and is liable for passing on the crucial Islam and revealing its part to humanity’s open help and headway. In this framework, elementary school stretches out over the initial 6 mature ages, and preparative school for the accompanying three mature ages. Understudies who effectively complete 4 mature ages of optional school can record at Al-Azhar University.2 Al-Azhar University, which is viewed as the bastion of Islamic perception in Egypt, was established in AD 970. There are two sorts of specialists schools in Egypt which are Arabic Schools and Experimental Language Schools. Arabic Schools give the legislative national course of study in the Arabic Language ; all things considered, trial Language Schools show the vast majority of the specialists course of study in English, and include Gallic as a second outside etymological correspondence. Moreover, there are three sorts of tuition based schools. As Government schools, tuition based schools other than has various sorts, for example, customary schools, phonetic correspondence schools, and otherworldly schools. To start with, Ordinary schools have a similar way of guidance of the specialists schools with more fixation on the students need and administrations gave to them. Second, phonetic correspondence schools have indistinguishable instructive stuffs from the specialists with the prohibition that every one of those stuffs are educated in various etymological interchanges ; this is close to the high expenses those schools requires. The third kind of private guidance is profound that are built up or constrained by Muslim Brotherhood. Their instructive course of study is completely not normal for the specialists and Azhar schools. Non-public schools on Egypt are viewed as the best guidance due to high and grouped establishments offered by those schools. This instructive framework is directs by the service of guidance Notwithstanding, the Azhar guidance framework is directed by the Supreme Council of the Al-Azhar Institution and viewed as autonomous from the Ministry of Education, however is at long last under regulating by the Egyptian Prime Minister. The Azhar schools are named â€Å" Institutes † furthermore divide indistinguishable stages from the ordinary instructive framework which both incorporate essential, preliminary, and auxiliary guidance. The Azhar schools in all stages educate non-strict themes, to a specific evaluation ; by and by, the heft of the course of study comprises of profound points. All the students are Muslims, and guys and females are isolated in all stages. The Azhar schools are spread everywhere throughout the state, yet excessively in provincial nations. The alumnuss of the Azhar optional schools are qualified to go on their surveies just at the Al-Azhar University. In the mid 2000s, the Azhar schools represented under 4 % of the whole enlistment. There are both private and state funded colleges of higher guidance in Egypt. The contrast between them is that Public higher guidance is free in Egypt, and Egyptian students only compensation enlistment charges, yet Private guidance is substantially more costly and is considered to b for the tip top, as alumnuss of such schools all things considered do great on their closing auxiliary school investigations, which guarantees them dish to what are considered as choose modules. Directly 98 for every centum of alumnuss from optional schools enter higher guidance. The higher guidance part in Egypt is included colleges and foundations of capable and expert arrangement. The framework is comprised of 12 state funded colleges, 51public non-college foundations, and 4 private ( for net gain ) colleges. In May 2000, there were 18 pending applications to open additional private for overall gain higher guidance foundations. Of the 51 non-college foundations, 47 are biennial in the middle of capable organizations ( MTI ) , and 4 are four or five-year higher capable establishments ( World Bank, 2000:1 ) . The significant state funded colleges are Cairo University ( 100,000 students ) , Alexandria University, Ain Shams University, and the 1,000-year-old Al-Azhar University. While the American University in Cairo, the German University in Cairo and the Universite Francaise d'Egypte is of the taking private colleges in Egypt. Section into the mainstream college framework depends on the results of the Secondary Educational stage. Orchestrating to the article â€Å"Egypt, † â€Å"only students go toing general scholastic optional schools were qualified to register ; all things considered since 1970 colleges have been engraving a few understudies from professional schools. The Placement Bureau of the Ministry of Higher Education controls permission, and there is alegion clausesimposed by the Supreme Council of Universities ( SCU ) on induction at institutional and territory levels† . Al-Azhar University framework, in contrast to different frameworks, requires certain affirmations like a Secondary School Certificate from the Al-Azhar guidance framework and a Certificate of Koran Recitation from a Koran Recitation Institute or keep an Al-Azhar sheepskin. Non-college guidance is offered by modern, business, and capable organizations which give 2-year classs taking to recognitions in bookkeeping, secretarial work, protection, registering machine or wellbeing logical orders and hardware. Specialized guidance schools give 5-year classs taking to advance capable guidance sheepskin in business, modern, and rural Fieldss. In spite of the fact that the American University in Cairo ( AUC ) has existed since 1919 as a private college, Egypt just sanctioned Egyptian private colleges in 1992 when the People’s Assembly passed a Law # 101 leting the constitution of private colleges. The most basic thought is that the Minister for Education must O.K. the task of private college, as presidents, and non-Egyptians can non occupied with taking spots in private colleges without the ministry’s favoring. The second basic feature is that the Supreme Council of Universities in a roundabout way administers private colleges and is answerable for checking measures to ensure that graduation accreditations from region and private colleges speak to an equivalent guidance degree contrasted and the legislative affirmations. â€Å"In May 2002, the private universities’ commission was supplanted with theprivateuniversities’ council.The gathering has indistinguishable forces from the Supreme Council of Universities, which controls open universities.† Numerous Peoples accept that private higher guidance foundations in Egypt are s foundations that â€Å"sell†grades to the individuals who can bear the cost of the college territories. Pundits of private higher guidance in Egypt other than contend that private higher guidance is at chances with the standards of the1952 Revolution, which called for equivalent dish to instructive possibilities for all residents. Egypt is viewed as the express that has the biggest higher guidance frameworks in the third universe as it contains about 1.670 million students. Egypt depends in its guidance on biennial capable foundations to continue providing course to all auxiliary school alumnuss while ensuring the effectively overloaded colleges. Specialized organizations select 40 for each centum of all auxiliary school alumnuss. This insufficiency of monetary, human, and material assets outcomes in hapless quality guidance in many colleges and is considered by numerous individuals as non scholastic foundation. The figure of higher guidance students per 100,000 inhabitants is 1,900 in Egypt contrasted with 1,132 in Morocco ; 1,236 in Algeria ; and 1,253 in Tunisia. Surveies on the cultural class and instructive foundations of area college students have uncovered imbalances of course to what are considered as high status/world class modules. To better the instructive framework in Egypt organization and control of higher guidance ought to be gotten by the Ministry of Higher Education, the Supreme Council of Universities ( SCU ) , and the Central Administration of Al-Azhar Institutes. The Ministry of Higher Education has a lawful approval over higher guidance by oversing and directing the guidance, arranging, arrangement concocting, and quality control on essential and preparative schools and producing for fundamental guidance for educators. The Supreme Council of Universities details is the 1 answerable for strategy contriving and dynamic or instructing the figure of students to be admitted to every module in every college. Moreover, regulating and removal of the Al-Azhar higher guidance framework is the obligation of theCardinal Administration of Al-Azhar Institutes, which is a segment of the Supreme Council of Al-Azhar that is liable for the improvement of the general arrangement and intending to empower the sp

Who Are College Essay Advisors What Do We Do

Who Are College Essay Advisors What Do We Do Welcome to College Essay Advisors! Welcome to College Essay Advisors! Welcome to College Essay Advisors, otherwise known as CEA.  Our college essay experts have been working with students for over a decade to help them personalize, polish and perfect the personal statement.  We know the college admissions essay is a crucial tool in boosting admissions rates for students of all abilities and have worked with hundreds of students to ensure the essays they submit are powerful, memorable, and most importantly, a true reflection of their passions and personalities. 2013-2014 is a big year for CEA.  This post marks the launch of our brand new website, where we will share tricks and tips with our students and the college applicant world at large.  We hope to be a source of important news and helpful tidbits as we accompany the 2013-2014 class of applicants through the admissions journey.  We are young, we are hip, we are addicted to the internet and are on our iPhones all the time.  So ask us questions!  Submit your queries via Facebook or Twitter.  Email us.  Tell us what kind of advice you are looking for, and we will try and provide the answers.  And for those lucky, fun-loving students who sign up in time, we also look forward to working with you personally, guiding and assisting you until you have crafted works of writing that will launch admissions officers from their office chairs into the stratosphere.  Were not totally sure that is scientifically possible, so please dont hold us to that but please know we are trying our very be st to help you inspire stellar-essay-induced space travel. So welcome to CEA and the admissions essay journey.  We cant wait to work with you and hear what you have to say.  Now lets get writing! About CEA HQView all posts by CEA HQ »

Working Capital Management In A Manufacturing Company Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Era Buildsys Limited is the pre- engineering arm of the Era group of companies. An ISO 9001:2000, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007 certified company, Era Buildsys holds the distinction of being one of the single largest, fastest growing and fully integrated PEB manufacturing units at Pantnagar in North India. The Company is equipped with a fully integrated facility, an automated laboratory and ultra-modern machinery for offering complete turnkey Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) solutions for hi-end applications across diverse sectors. The groups construction prowess and over two decades of experience have armed Era Buildsys with remarkable design, execution, erection and on-time delivery capabilities. Working capital is the life blood of the company. From February to May 2011, I propose to conduct a thorough analysis of the working capital management at Era Buildsys Limited. I plan to study the working capital requirements of the company by analyzing the secondary information available in annual reports, company records and other internal reports. The project contain the basic postulates of working capital, procedure of analysis of working capital, ratio being used to define the working capital and the impact of working capital in the company in case of excess or inadequacy. Also, the project contains analysis of estimation of working capital requirement and the procedure to estimate working capital requirement in manufacturing and trading concern and from the data available it can be concluded that it holds a very strong position in the market. Working capital management is a very important facet of financial management due to: Investment in current asset represents a substantial portion of total investment. Investments in current asset and level of current liability have to be geared quickly to change sales. I also plan to collect the data regarding company policies, future plans, possible expansions etc. by interviewing head of departments and other staff for deriving my own set of assumptions to come out with the projected financial figures, which are needed for the completion of credit monetary assessment form. After compilation and tabulation of the above said data, I plan to analyze it with the help of different financial ratios and other financial instruments and compare the result with industry benchmarks, hence identifying the financial strengths and weakness of the company. Finally after a thorough analysis of the data, a set of most important attributes/ c omponents can be found out, which has a major contribution to the working capital cycle or requirement of the company. So that steps or methods can be identified to control or manage these components. Review of literature: Impact of Working Capital Management Policies on Corporate Performance-An Empirical Study Sushma Vishnani, Bhupesh Kr. Shah (2007) It is felt that there is the need to study the role of working capital management policies on profitability of a company. Conventionally, it has been seen that if a company desires to take a greater risk for bigger profits and losses, it reduces the size of its working capital in relation to its sales. If it is interested in improving its liquidity, it increases the level of its working capital. However, this policy is likely to result in a reduction of the sales volume, therefore of profitability. Hence, a company should strike a balance between liquidity and profitability. In this paper an effort has been made to make an empirical study of Indian Consumer Electronics Industry for assessing the impact of working capital policies practices on profitability during the period 1994-95 to 2004-05. The impact of working capital policies on profitability has been examined by computing coefficient of correlation and regression analysis between profitability ratio and some key working capital policy indicator ratios. Working Capital Management: A Study on British American Tobacco Bangladesh Company Ltd. Md. Sayaduzzaman (2007) The efficiency of working capital management of British American Tobacco Bangladesh Company Ltd. is highly satisfactory due to the positive cash inflows, planned approach in managing the major elements of working capital. Applications of multi-dimensional models of current assets mix may have positive impact on the continuous growth development of this multinational enterprise. This depends on co-operation of the stakeholders and business environment in the context of globalization. The Effect of Working Capital Management on Firm Profitability: Evidence from Turkey F. Samiloglu and K. Demirgunes (2008) The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of working capital management on firm profitability. In accordance with this aim, to consider statistically significant relationships between firm profitability and the components of cash conversion cycle at length, a sample consisting of Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) listed manufacturing firms for the period of 1998- 2007 has been analyzed under a multiple regression model. Empirical findings of the study show that accounts receivables period, inventory period and leverage affect firm profitability negatively; while growth (in sales) affects firm profitability positively. Working Capital Management, Growth and Performance of New Public Companies By Beneda, Nancy, Zhang, Yilei (2008) The current study contributes to the literature by examining impact of working capital management on the operating performance and growth of new public companies. The study also sheds light on the relationship of working capital with debt level, firm risk, and industry. Using a sample of initial public offerings (IPOs), the study finds a significant positive association between higher levels of accounts receivable and operating performance. The study further finds that maintaining control (i.e. lower amounts) over levels of cash and securities, inventory, fixed assets, and accounts payables appears to be associated with higher operating performance, as well. We find that IPO firms which are experiencing unusually high growth tend not to perform as well as those with low to moderate growth. Further firms which are experiencing high growth tend to hold higher levels of cash and securities, inventory, fixed assets, and accounts payables. These findings tend to suggest that firms are willing to sacrifice performance (accept low or negative operating returns) to increase their growth levels. The higher level of growth is also associated with higher operating and financial risk. The findings o f this study suggest that perhaps IPO firms should stay more focused on their operating performance than on maintaining high growth levels. Working Capital and Financial Management Practices in the Small Firm Sector Michael J. Peel, Nicholas Wilson (2008) MICHAEL J. PEEL IS A LECTURER IN accountancy and finance at Cardiff Business School, University of Wales, and Nicholas Wilson is Professor of Credit Management at the University of Bradford, England. Very little research has been conducted on the capital budgeting and working capital practices of small firms. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a preliminary study on the working capital and financial management practices of a sample of small firms located in the north of England. In general, the results of the survey indicated that a relatively high proportion of small firms in the sample claimed to use quantitative capital budgeting and working capital techniques and to review various aspects of their comp anies working capital. In addition, the firms which claimed to use the more sophisticated discounted cash flow capital budgeting techniques, or which had been active in terms of reducing stock levels or the debtors credit period, on average tended to be more active in respect of working capital management practices. It is hoped that the issues raised will stimulate further theoretical and empirical contributions on this neglected and important area of small business research. Study on working capital management Stuttgart/Munich, June 29, 2009 Roland Berger Strategy Consultants study on working capital management: Optimizing current assets helps tap into cash potential and build buffers against insolvency Our study entitled Working capital Cash for recovery looks at 216 European companies with total sales of EUR 3,700 billion and total EBIT of EUR 422 billion Presently, the insolvency risk is increasing as higher cash requirements coincide with reduced cash supply and high financing costs Internal sources of finance are becoming more interesting: one of the main lever is tapping into the cash potential in working capital The companies surveyed had a combined potential of EUR 353 billion in Q1 2009, roughly one third more than in 2008. Relative to tied-up working capital, utilities and engineered products companies have the greatest cash reserves hidden in their working capital. In the current economic situation, companies are facing a higher risk of insolvency. On the on e hand, they need more cash; on the other, lenders are more tightfisted than usual and the financing costs are higher. In its study entitled Working capital Cash for recovery, Roland Berger Strategy Consultants has analyzed 216 European companies by taking a close look at their internal sources of finance. Result- At the moment, releasing the cash reserves hidden in working capital offers the greatest potential for improving liquidity. According to the Roland Berger experts, the companies surveyed had a total cash potential of EUR 353 billion. This turned out to be especially true for utilities and engineered products companies. In the current recession, working capital is emerging as a key source of internal finance, says Roland Schwientek, Partner at Roland Bergers Operations Strategy Competence Center. Increased cash requirements and a reduced cash supply with higher financing costs combine to increase the likelihood of insolvency. In their study called Working capital Ca sh for recovery, the experts highlight alternative sources of internal finance: As some traditional sources of cash have dried up, the most promising solution is to tap into the liquidity potential hidden in working capital, says Schwientek. According to the experts, internal finance based on optimized working capital is much more effective than external finance. Even small improvements in receivables, inventories and payables can generate significant reductions in external finance requirements. Objective of the Project: To make item wise analysis of the elements or component of working capital to identify the items responsible for change in working capital. To study liquidity position of the company by taking various measurement. To analyze the management of Non- Fund based Working Capital limits of the company. To evaluate companys performance relating to financial statement analysis. To find out the utility of financial ratio in credit analysis and determining the financial capacity of the company. To identify the effectiveness of working capital management in Era Buildsys Limited and make suggestions for its improvement. Methodology: Collection of Data: In this project, I intend to collect the primary and secondary financial data about the company through various sources which are within and outside the company like annual reports, corporate magazines, policy manuals of different department etc. Collection of the primary financial data by interviewing the executives and staff of the company. Understanding the assumptions made by the company for the projection of its financial reports. Research Design: The research design for the comparative study is of exploratory type and the focus is given to discover the possible measures, by detailed analysis, for the company which would be helpful up to some extent to retain a good position in the competitive market. The research design is not formal and rigid one as the focus depends upon the availability of new ideas and relationship among variables. Analysis of Data: In order to analyze the data I would be using various tools. Those are as follows: Ratio analysis: It is an i mportant and age-old technique. It is a powerful tool of financial analysis. It is defined as the indicated quotient of two mathematical expression and as the relationship between two or more things. Systematic use of ratio is to interpret the financial statement so that the strength and weakness of a firm as well as its historical performance and current financial condition can be determined. Trend analysis Analysis of components of working capital Schedule: EXPECTED DATE ACTIVITY 31stMarch 2011 Study of literature available on the topic 10thApril 2011 Collection of relevant data 14thApril 2011 Analyze the collected data and use technical analysis 15thApril 2011 Submit the interim report 25thApril 2011 Interpret the data 30thApril 2011 Contact executives working in various departments and collect their views on the topic and result of the data. 7thMay 2011 Draft the project report 14thMay 2011 Edit the report and submit it to the organization and college Limitations of the study: The financial statements contain only historical data and would not necessarily reflect the future. It is difficult to account in price level changes in financial accounting. The reliability and accuracy of calculations and interpretation depends very much on the information supplied in the form of annual reports and other records. The bank may or may not show true financial result in annual report. Time factor plays a vital role. The study was conducted within 14 weeks is restricted for a period of three years.

Vignette. Audrey (Age 10) Has Lived With Her Foster Mother

Vignette: Audrey (age 10) has lived with her foster mother (Ms. Gomez) and four other non-kin foster children for one year. Due to neglect, she was removed from her mother’s care when she was eight years old. Audrey has weekly contact with her biological mother, but no contact with her biological father or siblings. She says that she feels welcomed and comfortable in Ms. Gomez’ home, but expects to live with her biological mother and siblings in the future. Audrey believes things would be different when she returns to live with her biological mother because her father will not be there to be mean to her and her mother. She also said, â€Å"I will never complain again about my daddy or anyone else, and then I won’t have to worry about the social†¦show more content†¦Audrey’s emotions must be handled with care, as the counselor guides her to understanding the situation and handling it properly. With this understanding it is evident that the most strategic me thod for helping Audrey is the Person-Centered Therapy utilizing the techniques the systematic-relational approach and the house, tree, person test. By using a mixture of the different techniques, it allows for a balance of flexibility and structure in Audrey’s progress. Person-Centered Therapy: The approach of the counselor should originate in the Person-Centered Therapy. The ultimate goal the person-centered therapy is to â€Å"provide the necessary and sufficient therapeutic conditions of congruence, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding so that the client can freely grow to become more of a fully functioning person in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment† (Tan, 2011). Audrey has an innocent view toward her biological mother. She longs to be with her and often blames herself for the separation. Thus, it is vital that the counselor reinstates a healthy self-awareness to Audrey’s understanding of the situation. She needs to learn that the situation is not her fault and that she has done nothing wrong. This will help her to view herself positively and be more open with her counselor about the situation. It is vital that Audrey feel that her counselor is on her

The Eight Photos By John Thomson s Illustrations Of China...

Jiangnan Yao Prof. Franziska Seraphim TA: Lia Atanat HIST1006 Feb. 16th, 2016 The eight photos I chose were arranged in a particular order. The first four were selected from the Globetrotter’s Japan while the other four photographs were chosen from John Thomson’s Illustrations of China and Its People: A Series of Two Hundred Photographs. Moreover, the photos on the left side depicted the traditional Asian people and places, in contrast with those on the right side, which seemed to be more â€Å"modern† due to some western elements presented in the pictures. These eight photos well represented the themes that are recurring in the three albums: Asians in traditional dress doing menial labor without the presence of technology,†¦show more content†¦The two scenes were beautiful in a natural, traditional and exotic way, which was different from Yokohama’s beauty of modernity in picture 2 and 4. Yokohama was one of the seven treaty ports opened by the Kanagawa Treaty in 1854 and Harris Treaty in 1858. Under the i ntimidation of America’s steam-and-coal warships, Japan had no choice but ended its â€Å"close-country policy† and gave the U.S., later also Britain, the Netherlands, Russia, and France, the access to the seven treaty ports. After a decade, when the â€Å"globetrotter† tourists visited Japan and pressed the camera shutter, we can see how those treaty ports, especially Yokohama, were influenced by the West. Picture 2 depicted a main street of Yokohama. On the left side of the street was a printing office while on the right side of the street, there was a Cigar store. Cigar was clearly not a native product of Japan, but something introduced from the West. Another noteworthy detail was that the shop signs of the two stores were both written in English instead of Japanese. Picture 4 was a portrait of a railway station. Train was a symbol of technology development and signified Japan was stepping outside of the Biological Old Regime and start to use steam and fuel a s the source of energy. In addition, in the middle of the picture stood a lampstand. It indicated the use of electricity, and gave viewer a

Organizational Failure And Its Impact On Organizational...

There is great need to learn from failure and this cannot be overemphasized. Few organizations manage to do it well and the ones that manage to do it are few. In the past years, many corporations have failed with very few having attained success. Business and Management research has viewed organizational failure with no great regard to organizational success. Organizational failure is viewed with less significance or, as being complementary to research on the success of organizations. As reported by Ormerod (2005), a key feature to both human, social, and biological systems is failure. In her works, Amy (2011), found that many managers hold the belief that failing is not good. There is the belief that taking the lessons from failure is†¦show more content†¦As reported by (Farazmand et al, 1995) the chaos theory is a great tool used to gain deeper understanding of the complex interaction between small events that may occur outside the organization’s monitoring scope a nd how these interactions impact affect the organization. Seeger (2002) noted that organizations operate in a complex climate and are constantly in a state of near failure where any minor event has the potential to plunge the organization into great catastrophe. Incremental disruptions in the business climate which result in serious failures are likened to the butterfly effect where one minor change or shift happens which leads to another change/shift and in the end, you have this major challenge which will most certainly end up with some sort of failure (Steward’s,1989). Considering the above, certain failures are because of small event or chain of events, within the organization or climate where the organization works in. Due to the negligible nature of the small events managers rarely notice them because they are not easily seen and by chance if they did find them they would ordinarily push them aside or ignore them all together. This view implies, that management is mostl y unable to predict failure and are unable to deal with its causes. On the other hand, the sudden disruption process takes a sudden occurrence to causes theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Globalization On The Business Environment1356 Words   |  6 Pagescompetitive advantage and creating customers value (Dyer, 2002). Strategic alliances are inter-organizational cooperative structures formed to accomplish strategic objectives of the partnering firms. A number of business literatures and management practitioners have acknowledged the positive outcomes for companies engaged in it, such as higher returns on equity, better returns on investment and higher success rates compared with integration through merger and acquisition (Booz-Allen Hamilton, 2009)Read MoreHow Does Leadership Impact The Success Of A Company?1181 Words   |  5 PagesHow does leadership impact the success of a company? Many leadership theories exists in today’s business world, even more theories are taught. How does leadership impact the success of a company? Reflecting on current trends we will discover if one person truly has the power to positively or negatively affect the success of a company through leadership. Truly effective leaders know the respect of people is not just commanded it is earned. Accomplishing this type of respect is displaying the knowledgeRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Human Behavior1323 Words   |  6 PagesA major factor of a project’s success is the behavior of the employees. Employee behavior is influenced by organizational culture and leadership. This paper will briefly explore the influence organizational culture and human behavior have on the success of projects, in particular projects plagued with conflict. First, this paper will discuss the influences organizational culture has on the success of projects. Secondly, the role project leadership plays in the success of projects and how project managersRead MoreHow Organizational Culture Affects The Success And Failure Of An Organization Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pageswith a golden circle† (Afshar, 2013). Sinek has brought an overview of an essential factor to all organization, which is organizational culture. It is the key to make a success of an organization, as well as the reflection of the company’s manager leadership. In this essay, the definition of organizational culture, how organizational culture can influence both the success and failure of an organization and what managers can do to create an encouraging and effective culture at workplace will be disc ussedRead MoreOrganizational Changes : Risk Management And Organizational Change1412 Words   |  6 PagesWeavetech Organizational Change Strategy Risk Management and Organizational Change: Risks There are many potential risks associated with acquisitions and mergers. According to Allen (2014) risks include â€Å" the miscalculations regarding the scale, scope and change management implications of the integration and the level of assimilation required† to make the transition a success. Another risk is would include the a lack of an adequate or strong communication strategy. Finally, a lack of identificationRead MoreRisk Management And Organizational Change Strategy1451 Words   |  6 PagesWeavetech Risk Management and Organizational Change Strategy Risks. There are many potential risks associated with acquisitions and mergers. According to Allen (2014) risks include â€Å" the miscalculations regarding the scale, scope and change management implications of the integration and the level of assimilation required† to make the transition a success. Another risk is would include the a lack of an adequate or strong communication strategy. Finally, a lack of identification or preparationRead MoreThe Omnipotent View of Management1331 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible for the success or failure of an organization. This is a dominate view in management theory and society in general. The symbolic view of management takes the view much of an organization’s success or failure is due to external forces outside the manager’ control. The view of managers as omnipotent is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization’s objec tives. The  symbolic view  organizational results as beingRead MoreOrganizational Change and Healthcare Management Essay979 Words   |  4 Pagesefficient and address changes in the industry have altered their strategic business plans. Lee Alexander (1999) researched organizational change in hospitals and their survival, in this paper I hope to discuss their findings and add other examples to validate their conclusions. Core and Peripheral Changes with Regard to Hospital Re-organization Found in the organizational structure and studied in hospital re-organization is the core and periphery both are varied systems that relate to the identityRead MoreThe Demonstration Of Leadership By Craig Johnson Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagescompany experienced a decline in productivity within a short period after the CEO entered the organization. Actually, Fiorina entered a largely successful firm and introduced significant changes within a short time duration, which had considerable impacts on the firm’s operations. The dramatic changes that were introduced within a short time culminated in the decline of the value of the company’s stock within five years and the eventual unceremonious removal of the CEO. This paper provides a responseRead MoreStrategic Strategy And Risk Assessment1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe business dictionary has defined success as the achievement of an objective or pre-determined goal. For this study, being successful will mean strategic a lliance partners achieving those objectives that necessitated their partnership. Uddin Akhter (2011) argued that strategic alliance success requires cooperative behaviour from all partners. They went further to state that alliance success depends on several factors such as active involvement in problem’s solution, being trustworthy; to create

Cohabitation Between Marriage And Marriage - 949 Words

There was once a time when an unmarried couple living together was seen was untraditional and even frowned upon. Only five percent of single women had lived with a man before getting married in the mid-1960s compared to seventy percent in the 1990s (â€Å"The Facts,† n.d.). Today, it almost seems as if cohabitation is the first step in a couple’s decision to get married or have kids or both. More and more couples are putting off marriage until perhaps they are better acquainted with their partners. Cohabitation can have both positive and negative influences on relationships ranging from marriage itself to child development. It appears cohabitation occurs much sooner in the United States than many other western countries as well as those in Europe. Along with marriage, Americans tend to cohabit at a much younger age. The typical age for an American woman entering cohabitation for the first time was around twenty-one years old (Cherlin, 2009). Since many cohabitating rela tionships eventually result in marriage, it could be assumed these American women are getting married at a young age as well. In fact, Cherlin (2009) stated half of all first marriages in the United States occurred by age twenty-five. This was compared to some European countries, which the age of first time marriage was found to be in the late 20s to early 30s (Cherlin, 2009). Continuing with the comparison to marriage, age shout not be considered the only difference. Although considered an alternative toShow MoreRelatedCohabitation Between Marriage And Marriage1303 Words   |  6 Pagesnormal and are expected. One of these previously taboo ideas is cohabitation. Cohabitation is the act of living together while in a romantic relationship, prior to marriage. (Steinberg, Bornstein, Vandell, and Rook, p. 450, 2011) More and more couples are cohabitating, according to some studies approximately two-thirds of couples live together before they get married. (Luscombe, 2014) Some coup les that lived together before marriage have a strong and healthy relationship, while others end in divorceRead MoreCohabitation Between Cohabitation And Marriage1559 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society cohabitation before marriage has become more prominent than it was in past decades. Cohabitation simply means two individuals are living together unmarried. There are several agreements that support and oppose this topic because of the individuals’ different religion, ethic, and morality. Growing up, I frequently heard living together before marriage often leads to higher risks of divorce later on. As society changes, I believe that people have a different opinion of this beliefRead MoreCohabitation Between Sex And Marriage1946 Words   |  8 Pagesthe idea of marriage is still one many cling to, cohabitation is becoming the idea of the new age, where you can have it all without the rings and the â€Å"I do†. While marriage has declined over the years a nd cohabitation has increased, cohabitation has quickly become the next step after dating, thus creating another foot step to take towards marriage and having a family. Since cohabitation involves a shared household between intimate partners, it has characteristics in common with marriage. SimilaritiesRead MoreRelationship Between Cohabitation And Divorce810 Words   |  4 PagesCohabitation is categorized as two people engaged in an intimate relationship residing in the same home permanently or for an extended amount of time. Research denotes a strong correlation between cohabitation and divorce. The research findings are significant for couples and counselors and can have impact on how counselors approach clients in couples counseling and pre-marital counseling. When evaluating cohabitation, various reasons contribute to the formation of couples deciding to reside togetherRead MoreShould Cohabitation Before Marriage Be Encouraged761 Words   |  4 PagesShould Cohabitation Be fore Marriage be Encouraged? In the 21 century, marriage is no longer considered as a life binding commitment to one person. A decrease in the number of marriages and an increase in cohabitation both have come in the wake of a large increase in divorce in the last thirty years (David G. Green, 2000). Cohabitation is more popular nowadays because the current generation would like to know whether they are compatible. They also can see the habit and character of their partnerRead MoreThe Role Of Cohabitation As A Form Of Relationship And The Reasons Why People Choose Co Habitation1250 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of cohabitation as a form of relationship and the reasons why people prefer co-habitation relationship to formal marriage, including its social appeal. Furthermore, the paper attempts to proffer reasons why people choose co-habitation by examining the role agents of socialization-family, peer and education and mass media play in the decision making process of people who chose this type of relationship, including an explanation of the main differences between marriage and cohabitation. FinallyRead More Cohabitation and its Effect on Marital Stability in the US Essay1725 Words   |  7 PagesCohabitation and its Effect on Marital Stability in the US Unmarried heterosexual cohabitation has increased sharply in the recent years in the United States. It has in fact become so prevalent that the majority of marriages and remarriages now begin as cohabiting relationships, and most young men and women cohabit at some point in their lives. It has become quite clear that understanding and incorporating cohabitation into sociological analyses and thinking, is crucial for evaluating familyRead More`` Cleaning Up Their Act `` : Effects Of Marriage And Cohabitation On Licit And Illicit Drug Use961 Words   |  4 Pages Wilkerson and England (2006) were concerned with in the article, â€Å"Cleaning up their act: The effects of marriage and cohabitation on licit and illicit drug use†, is whether an individual’s frequency of engaging in health-risk behaviour is impacted by marriage and cohabitation. More precisely, the authors investigated the effect of young adults’ first experience with marriage and cohabitation on binge drinking, marijuana use and cigarette smoking. According to the Centres for Disease Control andRead MoreCurrent Issues Regarding Premarital Cohabitation Essay1144 Words   |  5 Pagesago it was not acceptable for a couple to have sex or live together before they were married. Today, it is common for couples to reside together, even before they are engaged. The rise of couples who cohabitate prior to marriage has altered the way our society perceives marriage and relationships and led to a reformulation of the dating process. Prior to the 1960’s it was seen as untoward for couples to have live together if they were not married. The Civil Rights Movement 1960’s and early 1970’sRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Cohabitation Before Marriage1563 Words   |  7 PagesCons of Cohabitation before Marriage Introduction Social scientists have defined cohabitation as a situation where two adults, male and female live together in a relationship that is intimate and non-marital. The two make living arrangements without legal bounds to stay together before getting married. In most of the countries and in this case in the United States, cohabitation is a common feature among the American family life (Stokes Raley, n.d). It has become a typical pathway to marriage hence

Social Media Is It Good or Bad Free Essays

Social Media: Is it Good or Bad? It is incredible that only fifteen years ago, people were still using the postal services as their primary source for communication. Although the United Postal Service has not gone out of business, people are switching over from the old fashion stamp and letter to e-mails, social media sites, and instant messaging as a more convenient way of exchanging information. In just a few years, the usage of social media sites, like Facebook and Twitter, has been increasing exponentially, and is becoming more and more active (Zuckerberg). We will write a custom essay sample on Social Media: Is It Good or Bad? or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, despite the conveniences, the popularity of social media has also gained averse viewpoints from a more traditionally conservative audience. Nevertheless, social media has beneficially changed society because of its educational benefits, public relation tools, and communicational conveniences. As the popularity of social media increases, so do the amount of educational benefits. Education is an important aspect in any sort of society because it mentally prepares a generation to lead future businesses, industries, and governments in the future. In some areas of the world, the availability of schools and teachers are scarce. Even in the United States, certain students are deprived of higher leveled learning because educators are not found in those specific areas. But with the resources we have through the internet, we can provide education to people all around the world, as long as they can access it. â€Å"84 percent of teenagers today† are currently using methods, such as instant messaging, as a means of educational communication (Blake 5). There are benefits that can be derived from learning in a virtual classroom, such as confidentiality; with the idea of being anonymous behind a computer screen, students are also less intimidated to engage in class discussions and ask questions (Blake 5). These new innovative techniques of learning can stimulate more advance levels of thinking. As technology and social media continue to grow, so will the availability of these online education programs. While the education receives benefits through social media, another area of society takes full advantage of the tools provided by online networking as well. In recent years, social media has become a very valued method of spreading information to a mass audience. Since many people use social media sites, groups like industries, businesses, and organizations utilize Facebook pages and twitter to post updates and information. Social media provides â€Å"communities of interest† for marketers to target specific audiences (Martin 220). It is much easier to track groups of people who are interested in a specific product by searching their ‘likes’ on Facebook or their comments on Youtube. This technique becomes much more efficient than sending advertisements in the mail to every house in a neighborhood after doing surveys. Even Barrack Obama was able to gain publicity through the power of social media; his â€Å"name [gained national] recognition in 2004† which eventually led to the title of the United States president (Martin 220). As long as his public relations officers were able to locate communities of interest, they were able to win over support through networks on social media sites. Even if you already have a stable access to education, and you do not seek any tools for public relations, social media can still serve as a valuable resource. Communication is the obvious reason for why we all use social media; beside using to advertising and education, we use social media to chat with our friends and communicate with our family. When families live very far away, people are able to reconnect with them through a network of social media. Even in jobs, people often use Facebook groups to create an online virtual community to build stronger bonds among the workers (Melwood). This is the same for people who use instant messaging to communicate with friends at school. Social media provides many benefits because it is just one of the many things that has been invented to make our lives easier. Social media has not always been this convenient but it has definitely come a long way; even up to this day, it is evolving and becoming even more convenient for the usage of others. The more people get involved in the virtual world of social media, the more benefits become available. Works Cited Blake, Robert J. Brave New Digital Classroom: Technology and Foreign Language Learning. Washington, D. C. : Georgetown UP, 2008. Print. Page 5 Martin, Dick. Secrets of the Marketing Masters: What the Best Marketers Do–and Why It Works. New York: American Management Association, 2009. Print. Melwood, Ronnelle. â€Å"3 Benefits of Creating a Facebook Group. †Ã‚  Benefits of a Facebook Group. SetUFreeVA, 13 June 2011. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. http://www. setufreeva. com/social-media-2/3-benefits-creating-facebook-group/. Zuckerberg, Mark. â€Å"One Billion People on Facebook. †Ã‚  One Billion People on Facebook. Facebook, 4 Oct. 2012. Web. 11 Oct. 2012. http://newsroom. fb. com/News/One-Billion-People-on-Facebook-1c9. aspx. How to cite Social Media: Is It Good or Bad?, Essay examples

Across Five Aprils free essay sample

A possibility of war brought tension on the Creighton’s family as well as in the community.   Ellen and Matt were the most worried. On the other hand, Eb and Tom were not worried at all even on the thought that the President was so hesitant to declare war. Shad, the schoolteacher and lover of Jenny, informed the family of the news that the Confederate army has fired on Fort Sumter.   With the unceasing news of war, Tom and Eb left home in late summer to fight in the war together with Bill even he seemed to be oblivion of the things around him.   Later on, Shad and John also left to fight leaving Jethro home. One day, Jethro was instructed to go to Newton which is a 15-mile away from their place to do some errand.   As he reached Newton, he went in to the general store where several men gathered around the fireplace and one of them was Guy Wortman who scornfully criticized Bill. We will write a custom essay sample on Across Five Aprils or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After Wortman left, Ross Milton comforted Jethro and invited him to a dinner.   After the dinner, Milton warned Jethro of a possible danger on his way home. With this in mind, Jethro was terrified on his journey home but along the way Dave Burdow accompanied him.   When they reached the end of the bridge, a man suddenly leaped out and whipped the horse but they were able to manage to calm the horse and back on the road. As he reached home, the family learned the danger Jethro met along the way that caused a heart attack on Matt.   Due to this, Jethro was obliged to do the farm work and chores around the house. Since the news has not yet stopped, the people in the community were losing hope.   The news on the deserters also frightened the people the more and one of them was Eb.   One time, three men from Federal Registrars came to Creighton home and looked for Eb. Accidentally while Jethro was helping John in the field, he heard a strange sound and finally discovered Eb, who was so thin and hungry.   Distraught by what he saw, Jethro sent letter to the President for a pardon for Eb, and it happened. One day, the Creighton’s received a letter from Shad’s aunt, informing them that Shad was in a critical condition after a fight in the battle.   Jenny went to see Shad in Washington, and soon, he was in good health and married Jenny. Winter came, rumors spread on the end of the war.   The President declared a proclamation amnesty giving pardon to the army of the Confederate state.   In 1864, the President was reelected.   After sometime, the Creighton’s received a news through John that Bill was held captive. When war was nearing to end, the townspeople were happy but an assassination of the President caused a grief.   Jethro was depressed of the news.   Jenny and Shad went back to the town from Washington. Since the time is uncertain, and Jethro was growing much like Bill, Shad and Jenny decided to take him to the East to have a good education. 1.  Ã‚   Describe Shadrach Yales background and his relationship with the Creighton family, especially Jenny. Shadrach Yales was a physics college student from Philadelphia and worked in Jasper County to support himself.   He was a local schoolteacher fascinated with books.   Jethro considered Shad as a role model.   Shad has a special relationship with the Creighton family.   He was treated as part of the family.   He was in love with one of the Creighton’s, Jenny.   Though Matt did not give him the permission to marry Jenny before he left for war, still he respected the decision and later on they were married. 2.  Ã‚     Describe Jethro’s trip to Newton and what happened when he got there. One day, Jethro was instructed by Matt to go to Newton to do some errand.   Given with the task, Jethro felt responsible enough to accomplish what was required of him.   On his way, he met an old man who asked a favor from him of a newspaper on his return.   Before noon he reached Newton, bustling with people and shops.   He went into one of the stores and saw a lot of people around a fireplace. There a man named Wortman who was slightly drunk heard of him as one of the Creighton’s boys, scornfully ridicule Bill.   Jethro tried to defend Bill and the man became more angry that Milton defended him.   As soon as Wortman left the store, Milton comforted Jethro and invited him over to dinner.   During their dinner, Jethro received a warm acquaintance and a book, written by Milton himself. 3.  Ã‚     Describe how Mary Creighton died and the role of Travis Budrow in her death. It was winter of 1959, when Mary was killed in an accident.   Mary Creighton went to dancing with Rob Nelson at Hidalgo.   It was a night of rejoicing and clamor.   Unfortunately, on their way back home, they met along the way Travis Budrow who was drunk.   Travis suddenly fired a pistol over their horses.   The animals were frightened; the wagon was overturned and caused the death of Mary. Reference (2000-2006). Across Five Aprils. Retrieved September 05, 2008, from Bookrags Book Notes.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Web site http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-across-five-aprils/plotsummary.html

Diabetes Mellitus and Osteomyelitis

Question: Discuss about the Diabetes Mellitus and Osteomyelitis. Answer: Introduction: The case study under examination is about a 60-year-old woman. She is a known diabetic patient who presents to the hospital with complaints of painful and cold feet. Additionally, her toe of the left foot is swollen with blackened callus. This paper explains the management of the patient focusing on history taking, neurovascular assessments, diagnostic tests, treatment options, recognition of osteomyelitis and possible referral. History taking for this patient can consider the chief complaint, the history of presenting illness and the past medical and surgical history. Fawcett and Rhynas( 2012) ascertain that a comprehensive history can elicit crucial information that can help the nurse identify possible causative factors of the disease. For instance, in the case, the nurse identifies the cold red feet and attributes them to osteomyelitis. Without a proper history, the nurse could have diagnosed diabetic foot. Consequently, the three aspects of health history can elicit crucial information. This assessment can help the nurse to recognize the extent of neurovascular deterioration and determine its cause. For instance, on examination, the nurse notes a blackened callus on the toe. Additionally, the nurse identifies swelling and ulcers. Consequently, the nurse suspects osteomyelitis. According to Malhotra, Chan, and Nather (2014), one of the complications of diabetic foot ulcers is osteomyelitis. Malhotra et al. (2014) reiterate that swelling and pain are inevitable in osteomyelitis. Therefore, neurovascular assessment by looking at the feet and considering the available research evidence is crucial to determine the diagnosis. Diagnostic Tests Diagnostic tests are necessary in this case to determine if osteomyelitis is present. Chiappini, Mastrangelo, and Lazzeri (2016) argue that a blood test to can identify elevated leukocytes, which can indicate infection. Additionally, an ultrasound scan and X-ray are necessary for examining the bone image to determine deviations from normal. These are the most convenient tests that can allow the nurse to diagnose osteomyelitis. Treatment of this patient can involve antibiotics and surgery. Gomes, Pereira, and Bettencourt (2013) argue that antibiotics are effective in managing osteomyelitis in an acute stage. However, from the assessment, the patient has a necrotic tissue. X-ray and CT scan results can show necrosis of the bone. In a case where the bone is necrotized, the nurse can refer the patient for further management. Referral to the Podiatric Surgeon A podiatric surgeon is the most appropriate resource for the referral. According to Malhotra et al. (2014), the surgeon can combine antibiotics with surgical resection of the necrotic tissue. Since Staphylococcus aureus causes the conditions, administering penicillin drugs would be appropriate (Gomes et al., 2013). Eventually, these therapeutic measures can prevent residual disease of the foot. Osteomyelitis occurs when the bone becomes inflamed after an infection. Gomes et al. (2013) argue that it can lead to the destruction and necrosis of the bone. Moreover, Malhotra et al. (2014) explain that it can result from a diabetic ulcer. Some of the signs and symptoms include localized pain and swelling, fever, tenderness and limited range of motion in the affected body organ. The condition is classified into four stages. In early stages, stage one is restricted to the bone while stage two involves the cortical bone. Later, stage three progresses to the medullary bone while stage four involves the entire bone. The condition spreads fast if not managed quickly. Conclusion History taking and proper physical assessment of diabetic patients are crucial to identifying if they have complications. Osteomyelitis is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. It often occurs in the foot. The patient can present with a necrotized foot that is painful and swollen. Nevertheless, with proper medical and surgical therapy with a podiatric surgeon, the patient can recover quickly. List of References Chiappini, E., Mastrangelo, G. Lazzeri, S., 2016. A case of acute osteomyelitis: An update on diagnosis and treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(6), p.539. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/6/539/htm [Accessed 21 January 2016]. Fawcett, T. Rhynas, S., 2012. Taking a patient history: the role of the nurse. Nursing Standard,26(4),pp.41-46.Available at:https://journals.rcni.com/doi/abs/10.7748/ns2012.02.26.24.41.c8946 [Accessed 21 January 2017]. Gomes, D., Pereira, M. Bettencourt, A.F., 2013. Osteomyelitis: an overview of antimicrobial therapy. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 49(1), pp.13-27. Available at: https://www.scielo.br/pdf/bjps/v49n1/a03v49n1.pdf [Accessed 21 January 2017]. Malhotra, R., Chan, C.S.-Y. Nather, A., 2014. Osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot. Diabetic Foot Ankle, 5, Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4119293/ [Accessed 21 January 2017]. WHO, 2016. Media Center: Diabetes Factsheet. [Online] Available at: https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/ [Accessed 21 January 2017].

Gay Marriage Sample Essay

Gay Marriage Sample EssayWriting a gay marriage sample essay is one of the easiest things that you can do if you are writing a thesis on this topic. These can be written for multiple types of students, including graduate and undergraduate students.All you need to get started writing a gay marriage sample essay is a decent-sized topic and some basic knowledge of the subject. You could find a large variety of topics at an online library. Here are some tips to help you with choosing your topic.The first thing that you need to consider when you are writing a gay marriage sample essay is the genre. How specific is the topic? In other words, are you writing on legal issues or are you writing on the history of gay marriage? Do you want to research the relationship between gay marriage in general?Once you have an idea of what you are going to write about, then you will be able to determine what kind of essay you should write. If you are more interested in researching the relationship between gay marriage and the legal status of gay marriage in the United States, then you would want to choose a topic that does not have as many legal implications.This means that you would need to narrow down your topic to something that does not cover a large number of different laws and legal documents that are related to gay marriage. This is because there are quite a few laws surrounding gay marriage in the United States. The topics that you choose must then focus on the history of gay marriage in the United States and what it means in general to the legal and social issues that surround it.For most people, they do not have to worry about writing a good topic for a bachelor's degree, but many people still prefer to have a topic that they can easily relate to. Even so, most people can find a topic in acollege that they are familiar with and that they can relate to.So if you need some help with writing a gay marriage sample essay, make sure that you choose one that you are familiar with . This will make the process much easier for you.

Research Paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech Essay Example

Research Paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech Essay Development of speech is basic description of a general development for a child. At normal development children have good capabilities for mastering a language. There is close connection between speech development and cerebrum. Speech is a higher psychical function, for this reason, proper speech development depends on cerebration. The mature cortex, properly formed speech apparatus and good hearing are important factors for the normal development of speech. To all enumerated it is needed to add speech environment that similarly will provide the valuable influence on forming speech skills in the child. Using of research papers on childhood apraxia of speech may give you a deeper understanding of the phenomenon, including the main cause for its apparition. They also can be considered good guide showing you the most usable way to collect, process, and present the results of your investigation. However, you have to careful in choosing the source of these proposals as there a lot of poor-quality imitations. Childhood apraxia of speech is a frequent phenomenon and reasons defiant such a disorder are very various. It is never limited to the defects in the pronunciation: a child similarly can badly distinguish sounds, to have a little active and passive dictionary, have difficulties lining up phrases and sentences. As reasons for speech apraxia we can mention: We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer accidents during pregnancy and partus; speech apparatus dysfunctions and disorders; sound-sensing apparatus dysfunctions and disorders; arrested psychical development; unfavourable influences of heredity and social factors, i.e. insufficient speech communication and education of child. The process of speech mastering goes with considerable difficulties for those children that fall behind in physical development, those who suffered diseases in early age, weak, and those, whoever does not get proper nutrition. In most cases, hearing defects become a reason for the delay of speech development. That is to say, bad hearing can result in arrested speech development. If a young child is not able to hear the sound, he will not react to them and he will not be able to imitate them. A senior child uses plenty of gestures and attentively watches motions of lips of talking man. But these signs are not sufficient, for the correct estimation the child hearing because we cannot do exact, literate conclusions only on the basis of behavioural elements that carry a subjective character. Childhood apraxia of speech should be fixed in child’s age because it is exactly in preschool period when child speech develops especially intensively and not corrected speech defects, in the future will cause certain difficulties in communication. Besides difficulties in communication these effects will necessarily result in psychological disorders in the kid, harming the process of his educating not allowing to expose all child’s capabilities and possibilities. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research paper on Childhood Apraxia of Speech topics. Your research paper will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all research paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

The Nature-Culture Divide

The Nature-Culture Divide Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas- what belongs to nature cannot be the result of human intervention and, on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is by far not the only take on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the evolutionary development of humans suggest that culture is part and parcel of the ecological niche within which our species thrived, thus rendering culture a chapter in the biological development of a species. An Effort Against Nature Several modern authors- such as Rousseau- saw the process of education as a struggle against the most eradicated tendencies of human nature. Humans are born with wild dispositions, such as the one of using violence to achieve one’s own goals, to eat and behave in a disorganized fashion, and/or to act egotistically. Education is that process which uses culture as an antidote against our wildest natural tendencies; it is thanks to culture that the human species could progress and elevate itself above and beyond other species. A Natural Effort Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have clarified how the formation of what we refer to as culture in an anthropological sense is part of the biological adaptation of our ancestors to the environmental conditions in which they came to live.Consider, for example, hunting. Such an activity seems an adaptation, which allowed hominids to move from the forest into the savannah some millions of year ago, opening up the opportunity to change diet and living habits. At the same time, the invention of weapons is directly related to that adaptation- but from weapons descend also a whole series of skill sets characterizing our cultural profile, from butchering tools to ethical rules relating to the proper use of weapons (e.g., should they be turned against other human beings or against uncooperative species?). Hunting also seems responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot as humans are the only primates that can do that. Now, think of how this very simple thing is crucially connected to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that our biological development is closely tied to our cultural development. Culture as an Ecological Niche The view that came to be most plausible over the past decades seems to be that culture is part of the ecological niche within which humans live. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. Now, the transmission of culture seems not to be directly related to the transmission of genetic information. Certainly the significant overlap between the genetic makeup of humans is a premise for the development of a common culture that can be passed along from one generation to the next. However, cultural transmission is also horizontal among individuals within the same generation or among individuals belonging to different populations. You can learn how to make lasagna even if you were born from Korean parents in Kentucky just as you can learn how to speak Tagalog even if none of your immediate family or friends speak that language. Further Readings on Nature and Culture The online sources on the nature-culture divide are scarce. Luckily, there are a number of good bibliographical resources that can help out. Here is a list of few of the more recent ones, from which older takes on the topic can be recovered: Peter Watson, The Great Divide: Nature and Human Nature in the Old World and the New, Harper, 2012.Alan H. Goodman, Deborah Heat, and Susan M. Lindee, Genetic Nature/Culture: Anthropology and Science Beyond the Two-Culture Divide, University of California Press, 2003.Rodney James Giblett, The Body of Nature and Culture, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Psychological theories of crime Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychological theories of crime - Research Paper Example Most governments in the contemporary societies are secular in nature; however, they uphold the dictates of religions that also consider such acts unethical thus referring to them as sins. Various psychologies provide varied explanations on criminal behaviors thus their prevalence as explained in the essay below. Governments provide elaborate definitions of crime with the view of upholding the liberties enjoyed by the population. In order to uphold, the liberties, the government spells out the actions that constitute a criminal activity and enforces adherence to such guidelines. Acting in a manner contrary to the existing laws earns an individual a prison term with effective punishment and compensation to the offended arties. However, in doing so the government must uphold ethical standards and maintain a level of credibility. Most governments in democratic societies treat offenders as innocent until proven guilty after which the law provides for appropriate punishments. The existence of such legislations coupled with the effective and efficient enforcement mechanisms thus make the prevalence of violent activities attitudinal. As psychological products, several psychologists analyze the prevalence of crime in an attempt of analyzing the origin of the defiant attitude that compels one to beak all the laws and moral dictates to commit a crime (Grimm, Pianta & Konold, 2009). Key among the theorists is Sigmund Freud. Often considered the father of modern day psychology, Freud has postulated various theories all of which strive to explain the nature and prevalence of crime (Rosenberg & Turner, 1990). The personality psychologist seeks to explain the nature and prevalent of crimes in his psychodynamic perspective which he asserts explains the changes in a people feelings and psychological perspective. In his theory of psychoanalysis, Freud explains that all human behaviors are products of the unconscious mind. This he explains includes aggressive and violent behaviors . Feud explains that several forces in an individual’s unconscious mind the result of which are the varied human behaviors. Additionally, he explains that childhood experiences are also equally important influencers of an individual’s behavior in adulthood. According to Freud’s explanation, development of a multi staged process with each stage having unique requirements. The successful growth of an individual from one stage to another creates a uniform growth pattern and a peaceful succession into adulthood. However, such cases are rare with most people failing to overcome the challenges presented by every stage. This results in the recurrent of the stage challenges in progressive stages thus creating a growth crisis. Freud thus believed that the conflicts that people face in their different psychosexual stages of life influence their behaviors in adulthood. With such elaborate explanations, understanding waves of violence and criminal activities become easier ( Grisso & Steinberg, 2005). Such are products of the forces in the unconscious state of mind. A normal human being with effective understanding to the social and moral standards with a basic knowledge of the operations of the government especially concerning violence and crime should therefore overcome acts of aggression thus containing them within themselves. However, the failure by the unconscious m

Do you agree with the view that new communication technologies Essay

Do you agree with the view that new communication technologies accentuate gender inequalities in transnational family care-giving arrangements - Essay Example In simple words, transnational families are defined as those families, where the members of the family stay in distinct nations for a long period of the time. The concept of transnational families have emerged on the basis of the notion that migration is a never-ending process and that migration can help obtaining better well-being opportunities. Due to these principle reasons, it is very commonly observed that an increasing number of people are attempting to migrate from one country to the other. However, economic challenges presented due to migration on these individuals often restrict them from taking their entire family to their host country, and thus have to leave behind their family in the country of their origin. In this situation, the families try to keep in touch with their family members through the various forms of digital media communication channels such as Skype, social networking sites, and using the mobile networks. The system of leaving few of the members of the fami ly behind and migrating to some other country or places is determined as a temporary solution of the problem, which may range from personal reasons to the economic reasons, such as need for better job opportunities (Coface, 2012). In the earlier days, it was very commonly observed that the male members of the family used to leave their family behind in the hometown and move on to the other places in search of a better job. However, now with the modern age, it has been observed that the female members are also relocating to the other places, reflecting a distinct trend from that observed in the earlier days. Arguably, it can be affirmed that it is due to the modernisation of the world and the introduction of the new communication technologies, which has brought about changes in the social environment. This popularity of the female members can be asserted as the significant blessing of the transnational families. In order words, the transnational families have introduced a

The Measures Of Performance For The Beer Industry

The Measures Of Performance For The Beer Industry Beer is at present worlds most consumed and oldest alcoholic beverage in the world (Max N, (2005). According to Heineken International (2011), it is expected that worldwide beer consumption will grow by 2% to 3 % annually, but growth forecasts different vary substantially in regions. Heineken is one of the worlds great brewers and is committed to growth and remaining independent. The Heineken brand is available in almost every country around the globe and it is the worlds most valuable international premium beer brand. The companys aim is to be a leading brewer in each of the markets in which it operates and to have the worlds most valuable brand portfolio. According to Heineken International (2011), The Company operates 140 breweries in more than 70 countries and Heineken is Europes largest brewer and the worlds third largest by volume and the average number of people employed is more than 75,000. According to Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009), Revenue is EUR 14,701 million gains from the sale of products. Consolidated beer volume is 125.2 million hectolitres and Heineken volume in premium segment is 25.1 million hectolitres, Other revenues are gains from rental income and pub management services also technical services that are giving to third parties. When the services have been delivered Rental income and technical services are state in the income statement. Also, some incomes are gains from the property sale, equipment and plant, intangible assets and (interests in) subsidiaries which are accounted for EUR 41 million, (Heineken International, 2011, Annual Report,  2009). This includes the cost of the Raw materials EUR 1,140 million, non-refundable packaging cost EUR 1,739 million, Goods for resale cost EUR 2,253 million, Inventory movements, marketing and selling expenses EUR 1,664 million, Transport expenses EUR 934 million, Energy and water cost EUR 319 million, Repair and Maintenance cost EUR 299 million. Other expenses include rentals of EUR 184 million, consultant expenses of EUR 158 million, telecom and office automation cost of EUR 145 million and other fixed expenses of EUR 820 million, Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009) ,[Online]. Research,  Development , Software and other intangible assets costs. According to Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009), [Online], Research, Development, Software and other intangible assets costs is EUR 1,083 million these includes purchase of softwares and expenditure on internally development and maintain of software. Also Expenditure on research activities such as design and improve product brand image (Heineken DraughtKeg, improved design of the new iconic Bottle) . Government Grants According to Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009) ,[Online],cost is EUR 70 million Government grants has been surety to the authorities in a number of countries as security for the payment of taxation where Heineken operates, especially excise tax paid for beers and non-alcoholic beverages , spirits and import duties. Other net finance expenses including income Tax According to Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009), [Online], Other net finance expenses including income Tax , impairment losses recognised on investments, and gains or losses on hedging instruments that are recognised in the income statement cost is EUR 214 million. Personnel expenses This includes Wages and salaries EUR 1,554 million, compulsory social security contributions EUR 287 million, contributions to defined benefit plans EUR 17 million, increase in other long term employee benefits EUR 7 million, Expenses related to define benefit plans EUR 107 million, Equity-settled share-based payment plan EUR 10 million, Other personnel expenses EUR 397 million, Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009),[Online]. The measures of performance for the Beer Industry According to Plato Logic Limited (2011),Global beer consumption grew by 1.8% in 2008, but a sharp slowdown to less than 1% growth forecasted for 2009, also China market is strengthened its position further as the worlds biggest beer market in 2008 by achieving record sale of 407mhl. Anheuser-Busch InBev, SABMiller, Heineken and Carlsberg beer brands accounting for 50% of beer sales volumes and up to 75% of the global profit, Plato Logic Limited (2011). Over the past 5 years the beer category average growth rate was 3.5% globally. However according to SABMiller (2011), this reflects different pictures in growing and developed markets with growing at an average rate of 6.8% .while developed markets gradually become less by 3.4%.The largest contributor to this growth rate is China, which is now the worlds largest beer market, Africa and Eastern Europe. China recorded a rise of over 7%, despite being hindered by heavy weather conditions that affected consumer demand, SABMiller (2011). The measures of performance of the Heineken Company and beer Industry Financial performance Source: Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009) via http://www.annualreport.heineken.com/report_of_the_executive_board/financial_review/index.html Revenue and expenses According to Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009), [Online], Heineken revenue increased by 2.7 % from EUR 14.3 billion in 2008 to EUR 14.7 billion in 2009 and decreased organic growth by 0.2 %. However Heineken Annual Report noted that other income is increased from EUR 32 million in 2008 to EUR 41 million in 2009.Main reason is of increased cost of sale of property, plant and equipment. Furthermore Total cost management (TCM), Heinekens wide cost reduction programme for the period 2009 to 2011 which is delivered mainly savings in fixed cost spending. Therefore other expenses were decreased by EUR 36 million. In 2009, exceptional restructuring charges as part of personnel expenses related to Total cost management amounted to EUR 63 million before the tax, Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009). Heineken International (2011), Annual Report (2009) further noted that Costs of raw materials and packaging decreased by 4.4 %, of which 3.2 % which was due to low volumes and low purchasing prices for barley the end of 2009.Furtthermore Marketing and selling expenses reduce organically by 3.7% to11.3 % of revenue in 2009 from 11.7 % in 2008, Heineken Signs Sponsorship Deal With ESPNSoccernet According to adoimagazine.com, Interactive Hub has secured a sponsorship deal with Heineken on ESPNSoccernet for three seasons of the UEFA Champions League (UCL). The three-season agreement will run until the 2012/2013 season. Heineken supply lager for London Olympics 2012 According to Ruddick G., (04 Feb 2011), London Olympics Business, Heineken UK will be the official lager supplier in a tier three deal, typically worth around  £10m, that pushes London 2012 closer to its target of raising  £2bn from sponsorship. Heineken profits up According to BBC News (25 August 2010), Business, Heineken Net profits for the first half of the year hit 621m Euros ( £510m; $788m), up 17% on the same period last year. Heinekens acquisition of FEMSA increases its exposure to key Latin American markets According to Curran P., (01-12-2010),The Heinekens acquisition of FEMSA strengthen Heinekens position in the Americas and substantially increase its share in Mexico and Brazil as well as securing its joint venture with FEMSA in the US premium beer import market. Mexico and Brazil are other two leading markets in Latin America and those countries accounted of 63% beer volume of those regions in 2009. Heineken NV sees profits grow According to Canadeans,( 17/02/11), latest beer news Heinekens Non-organic net profit rose by 41 per cent to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.4 billion ( £1.2 billion), while its premium volumes climbed by 3.4 per cent. Nearly 1 million jobs rely on sector According to Canadeans news ,(17/02/11), A new report, conducted by Oxford Economics and commissioned by the British Beer Pub Association (BBPA), showed that 980,000 people are reliant on the licensing sector for employment, with the beer and pub trade bringing  £21 billion into the economy annually. Value Chain for the Heineken International Firm infrastructure According to Heineken International (2011), Heineken structured like Holding Company. The role of the Heineken Holding N.V. has performed for the Heineken group since 1952.It has been set to safeguard Heineken continuity with independence, stability and steady growth of the Heineken groups activities. Management Heineken International (2011) noted that Heineken Holding N.V. is head of the Heineken Group with a Board of Directors. The management of Heineken N.V. is run by the Executive Board, which has two members and is chaired by Jean-Franà §ois van Boxmeer. Heineken currently operate in 5 regions, which are The Americas, Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East as well as Asia-Pacific. Each operating region is headed by a Regional President. The five Regional Presidents, two members of the Executive Board and five Group Directors are included in the Executive Committee. The Executive Committee ensures the alignment and implementation of key priorities, strategies across the organisation and supports the development of organisation policy. Heineken International (2011). Primary Activities Inbound logistics Heineken operates in many different countries, therefore Heineken purchase raw materials (malt, hops and adjuncts), equipment and other goods and services within in order to meet the needs of customers and consumers and distributed beer worldwide, stored in warehouses strategically placed throughout to minimize shipping costs to stores. Supplier Code is designed to ensure both ethical and effective sourcing processes that reduce the risk of reputational and financial damage through the supply chain, Heineken International (2011). Operations Heineken main operation is Brew beer and it operates in more than 170 countries. With total consolidated beer volume of 125.2 million hectoliters in 2009, producing beer in more than 70 countries through its 140 breweries and also through other brewers under license, Heineken International (2011), AMCO Heineken Prospectus [Online]. Outbound logistics Heineken is the largest beer and beverage distributor in Western Europe. In every market where Heineken active, Heineken strive for comprehensive coverage through alliances with independent distributors or via Heineken own beverage wholesalers. Often, Heineken wholesalers also distribute wine, spirits and soft drinks to the on-trade. Heineken also has brewers throughout the world so that it can ship its finished products to local areas to minimize shipping costs, Heineken International (2011). Marketing and sales Heineken has worlds leading portfolios of premiere beer brands and is the 3rd most recognized brand of beer in the world. By acquiring smaller brewers in the world Heineken spread brand name even more also in achieving sustainable growth. National advertising play a prominent role in promoting Heineken strengthened brand equity through associations with high-impact, high-profile sports and music events (Heineken cup and OPENER music festival), Social networking sites and video blogs, films. Heineken remain fully committed to the responsible brewing, Respect for the consumer and an acknowledgement of the dangers associated with the misuse of alcohol drives to market Heineken products in a responsible way, Heineken International (2011). Service In the brewing industry there is little to no after sales service. The company encourage consumers to visit the internet site and register to become part of the Heineken. As part of this, the company could send out periodical surveys to gain input from consumers on product related issues. Heineken International (2011). Support Activities Human Resource Management According to Heineken International (2011), Heineken has the ability to develop leaders by exposing employees to a wide variety of businesses, with responsibility. Heineken allows them to take prudent risks as they improve their own leadership and business skills. Heineken focused on leadership development that ensures smooth succession through Heinekens most senior management levels. Heineken average number of people employed is more than 75, 000, Heineken International (2011). Technology Development Heinekens worldwide operations are relying on information systems. Information Technology processes, infrastructures and IT Risk monitoring processes are centralised and outsourced to professional outsourcing partners. Which are includes agreements on assurance from IT outsourcing partners, Heineken International (2011). Procurement Thermal energy Heineken use heat for brewing and 41% of heat generated by natural gas in their own sites and from diesel or gas oil, light fuel oil, heavy fuel oil or coal at the remainder 7% of Heineken sites utilise waste heat supplied by neighbouring industrial plants. Heineken gets biogas from the anaerobic treatment of wastewater and Heineken control nineteen anaerobic treatment plants and its the 7th largest company that uses the biogas as an energy source, Heineken International (2011). Electricity Heineken buy most of the electricity and remaining 45% of electricity generate in the site by combining heat and power systems as well as diesel generators. Around 6% of Heineken sites are not connected to urban electricity systems and all the electricity use on those generated on-site, Heineken International (2011). Water water is the main raw material used in brewing. Water is also used to cleaning tanks, packaging, production equipment and pipe work, Heineken International (2011). Raw materials (grains and hops) Heineken get most of raw materials by participating in joint development projects with malting companies in countries where Heineken operates. In 2009, Heineken UK launched a new supply chain code of conduct and focused on improving its responsible supply chain performance. Heineken operates some of own local Agriculture projects to get raw materials such as Sierra Leone Sorghum Project which is local sourcing project in Sierra Leone is part of the companys Africa-wide strategy to procure at least 60% of its raw materials locally, Heineken International (2011). Furthermore Heineken has developed subsidiaries and partnerships for many of the inputs required to produce beer including screw cap manufacturers, freight companies, and can manufacturers, glass bottlers, cardboard manufacturers, and machinery manufacturers, (Heineken International, 2011). Goals of Heineken International Green Commerce According to Heineken Sustainability Report (2009), by 2012 Heineken aims to reduce carbon footprint of their brands and business. This also includes transparently report against clear benchmarks and carbon reduction throughout the value chain support of the new supplier code. Also significantly reduce the total carbon per hectolitre by 2020.Also by 2012 design carbon reduction new package policy, Energy reduction of 15% in cooling, introduce new product evaluation criteria in all regions where Heineken operate. Green brewer Heineken Sustainability Report (2009) noted that Use energy in an efficient way and reduce the associated fossil CO2 emissions and develop this concept of the CO2 natural brewery and implement it in at least three breweries. By 2012 Heineken aim to keep specific water consumption to 4.3 hl/hl also designed energy efficient breweries and keep fossil CO2 emission to average 8.5 kg/hl. Engaging Employees The secure and safe working environment develops for all employees by achieve zero fatalities across Heineken business. By 2012 implement and audit employee rights and policy by developing training modules for employees in high and medium safety risk functions, also set safety targets for other activities that are not relevant for production, Heineken Sustainability Report (2009). Heineken cares According to Heineken Sustainability Report (2009), Heineken aims to increase the level of corporate social investment in developing markets, by In 2010 increase funds for the Heineken Africa Foundation to EUR 20 million enabling EUR 1 million investment per year thereafter and develop standards for sustainable agriculture and verified by stakeholders. Responsible beer consumption programme The combine actions of Heineken and all stakeholders promote and develop Enjoy Heineken Responsibility(provide consumers with information about alcohol consumption and health issues) by 2012 and develop and deliver 100% of commerce or marketing employees a specific workshop for support rules on responsible commercial communication, Heineken Sustainability Report (2009). Partnership for future progress According to Heineken Sustainability Report (2009), by 2012 increase the Heineken partnership with markets to at least 50 with third party to address alcohol abuse and implement and evaluate UK and Ireland Government or industry partnership projects.